Automotive Wiki
Learn about vehicle components, mechanical principles, and advanced automotive technologies.
Definition of CVT
CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission) is a continuously variable transmission system, also known as a stepless transmission. Unlike traditional automatic transmissions, it does not have distinct gear ratios, and its operation is similar to an automatic transmission, but the gear ratio changes are
Main Structure and Operating Principle of CVT
The system comprises several basic components, such as the primary pulley assembly, secondary pulley assembly, metal belt, and hydraulic pump, etc. Specifically, the metal belt consists of multiple metal rings and metal segments. Both the primary and secondary pulley assemblies are composed of a movable sheave and a fixed sheave. The sheave on the side closer to the hydraulic cylinder can slide along the shaft, while the other side is fixed.
Advantages and Disadvantages of CVT Transmissions
Without the gears of a traditional automatic transmission, the shifting process of an automatic transmission also disappears. Therefore, the power output of a CVT transmission is linear and very smooth in actual driving. • Theoretically, a CVT's transmission system can have an infinite number of gear ratios, allowing for more freedom in gear setting compared to traditional transmission systems.
Air Suspension Operation
Generally, vehicles equipped with adjustable air suspension systems feature ride height sensors installed near the front and rear wheels. Based on the signals from these sensors, the vehicle's onboard computer determines changes in body height and controls the air compressor and exhaust valves, causing the springs to automatically compress or extend. This adjusts the chassis ground clearance,
MIIT Combined Fuel Consumption (L/100km) Definition
According to MIIT regulations, effective January 1, 2010, a public disclosure system for light-duty vehicle fuel consumption will be established. In addition to being published on the MIIT website, automakers are also required to affix actual fuel consumption labels to vehicles before they leave the factory. These labels will indicate the fuel consumption of light-duty vehicles under urban, suburban, and combined driving conditions.
Definition of AMT Transmission
An AMT transmission is an electromechanical-hydraulic automatic transmission improved from a traditional manual gearbox. It combines the advantages of both automatic and manual transmissions: AMT offers the automatic shifting benefits of a conventional automatic transmission, while retaining the high efficiency, low cost, and simple structure of manual gear transmission.
Fuel Consumption Test Methods
There are various methods for fuel consumption testing, which can be categorized into direct and indirect measurements. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) uses an indirect measurement method, where light-duty vehicles (with a maximum gross mass not exceeding 3.5 tons) simulate driving on a test bench, operating under specific conditions (such as idling, acceleration, constant speed, deceleration, etc.).
Components of Air Suspension
When discussing active suspension systems, air suspension, widely used in the automotive field, is often the first thing that comes to mind. This system primarily consists of components such as a control unit, air compressor, pressure reservoir, pneumatic front and rear shock absorbers, and an air distribution unit. Its main functions include controlling the horizontal movement of the vehicle body, adjusting ride height, and adjusting the stiffness of the shock absorbers.
Working Principle of AMT Transmission
The driver transmits control signals to the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) via the accelerator pedal and control lever: The ECU collects signals from the engine speed sensor, vehicle speed sensor, and other sources to understand the vehicle's real-time driving status. Based on these signals, the ECU, following stored optimal programs, best shift patterns, clutch fuzzy control models...
Classification of Air Suspension
Classification of Air Suspension: ● Electromagnetic Adjustable Suspension. This suspension system utilizes electromagnetic reactions to adjust the vehicle's chassis height. Its technical characteristics include advanced technology and rapid system response, capable of reacting in a very short time. Its advantages are particularly evident when encountering bumps during high-speed driving.
Trunk Volume Definition
Trunk volume is generally divided into two types: static volume and dynamic volume. Static volume refers to the trunk capacity when the rear seats are not folded down, typically used for sedans. Dynamic volume, on the other hand, refers to the trunk volume of some convertible models, with the roof open and closed.
Operating States of Air Suspension
In daily use, the air suspension system has three states: The first state is the hold state. When the vehicle is lifted off the ground by a hoist, the air suspension system closes the relevant solenoid valves and records the vehicle body height, allowing the vehicle to maintain its original height after landing. The second state is the normal state, which is when the engine is running.
Definition of Dual-Clutch Transmission
A Dual-Clutch Transmission, abbreviated as G or DCT, is fully known in English as Dual Clutch Transmission. It is often translated into Chinese as 'Direct Shift Gearbox' due to its two sets of clutches.
Hydraulic Adjustable Suspension
A hydraulic adjustable suspension is a system that uses hydraulic changes to regulate the vehicle's suspension. Its core component is a built-in electro-hydraulic integrated module that can adjust the damping frequency and extent of the shock absorbers based on vehicle speed. Additionally, longitudinal and lateral acceleration yaw sensors installed near the vehicle's center of gravity...
Origin of Dual-Clutch Transmission
After years of improvements and applications, Dual-Clutch Transmission technology has gradually matured and is widely used in regular production vehicles: This technology was first applied in motorsports, including the Porsche 962C and the 1985 Audi Sport Quattro S1 RC.