MacPherson strut suspension consists of a coil spring, shock absorber, and A-shaped lower control arm. Some models also include a stabilizer bar. The physical structure of this independent suspension is such that the strut shock absorber also functions as the kingpin, capable of withstanding body vibrations and impacts from the ground, while the steering knuckle rotates along the kingpin.
Additionally, the kingpin can pivot, and its position and front wheel alignment angles change with the vertical movement of the wheel. However, the change in front wheel alignment is minimal, ensuring good driving stability. In a MacPherson strut independent suspension, the strut shock absorber not only acts as a damper but also supports the vehicle body. Therefore, its structure must be compact and sufficiently rigid, and it must form a vertically movable strut assembly with the coil spring.
The A-shaped lower control arm provides lateral support to the wheel and can withstand pre-stress from both front and rear directions. During vehicle movement, all directional impact forces on the wheel are jointly borne by the strut shock absorber and the A-shaped lower control arm.
